In these days of corona, we suddenly dwell much more on what is actually the difference between a virus and a bacterium. We are required to wash or disinfect our hands frequently, but isn't this something that only kills bacteria? In this article, we explain why it is important anyway by naming the difference, but also the similarity, between viruses and bacteria. Finally, we briefly explain the principle of a vaccine.
How does a virus work?
A virus enters our bodies via bodily fluids (e.g. blood and saliva) and then settles in an existing cell in the body. Once the virus is inside a cell, it takes control of that cell and can begin to multiply. When this happens, you may fall ill. Well-known illnesses caused by viruses include flu, the common cold, Pfeiffer’s disease and COVID-19. A viral infection cannot be treated with antibiotics, as these only work against bacteria.
How does a bacterium work?
A bacterium is a single-celled organism and can divide and spread very quickly. There are millions of bacteria throughout our bodies. There is a difference between good bacteria and bad bacteria. Bacteria found in the gut flora play an important role in digesting food. The bacteria on the skin help to keep it healthy. Bad bacteria cause you to fall ill. Your immune system tries to destroy the disease-causing bacteria using white blood cells. If this fails, a course of antibiotics may be the solution.
What is the difference between a bacterium and a virus?
The main difference between is that a bacterium is a single-celled micro-organism. It is a living cell, something that is not true of a virus. This is because a virus is not an organism, nor does it have any cells of its own. It is a tiny particle with hereditary material, surrounded by a so-called protein shell.
Defence and treatment of viruses and bacteria
There is a very important difference when it comes to treatment. In principle, a bacterial infection can be treated. If necessary, a doctor will prescribe an antibiotic to kill the bacteria. However, there are no medicines to combat viruses. Your immune system is your most important defence against viruses. A strong immune system can fight off many illnesses. If you do fall ill, a strong immune system will ensure you recover quickly.
We’ve written an article on how to boost your immunity. Read more here: https://www.friskfysio.nl/2020/03/26/weerstand-corona-friskfysio/
Why on earth should you wash your hands?
At this time, it is particularly important to wash your hands. Suppose you have the coronavirus. The virus is in your lungs. If you cover your mouth with your hand when you sneeze or cough, the virus ends up on your hands. Now suppose you shake someone’s hand; the virus is now on their hand. The virus does not pass through the skin, but if that person touches their face, it can enter the body. By washing your hands, you can remove any traces of the virus. We are also asked to sneeze into our elbow, so that the virus does not end up on our hands.
The principle of a vaccine
The body’s resistance to a virus can be boosted by administering an inactivated virus before infection. This stimulates your immune system to ensure it is already prepared with a strong defence. If you were then to contract the virus, your immune system would ensure that the virus stands much less of a chance.
